How to Treat Acne: Causes, Types and Best Solutions

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions worldwide. It can affect teenagers during puberty and even adults later in life. While acne is not dangerous, it can cause discomfort, lower self-confidence, and sometimes leave scars if not treated properly.

In this article, we will explore the causes of acne, different types, and the best ways to manage and treat it.

What is Acne?

Acne occurs when the pores of the skin become clogged with oil (sebum), dead skin cells, and bacteria. This leads to inflammation and the formation of pimples, blackheads, or cysts. Most often, acne appears on the face, chest, back, and shoulders which are areas with more oil glands.

Common Causes of Acne

Several factors can trigger or worsen acne, including:

• Hormonal changes – common during puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, or stress.
  
  
• Excess oil production – oily skin tends to be more acne-prone.
  
  
• Bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes) – can cause inflammation in clogged pores.
  
  
• Diet – foods high in sugar and dairy may worsen acne in some people.
  
  
• Lifestyle – lack of sleep, stress, and poor skincare routines.

Types of Acne

Understanding acne types can help in choosing the right treatment:

1. Blackheads – open clogged pores that appear dark.
   
   
2. Whiteheads – closed clogged pores that look like small bumps.
   
   
3. Papules – red, inflamed pimples without pus.
   
   
4. Pustules – red pimples filled with white or yellow pus.
   
   
5. Nodules – painful, large lumps under the skin.
   
   
6. Cysts – severe acne with pus-filled lumps that can cause scars.
   
   

Tips to Prevent and Manage Acne

• Cleanse gently – Wash your face twice daily with a mild cleanser.
• Avoid picking pimples – This can cause scarring and worsen inflammation.
• Use oil-free products – Choose non-comedogenic skincare and cosmetics.
• Maintain a balanced diet – Reduce sugary and greasy foods.
• Stay hydrated & sleep well – Good lifestyle habits support healthy skin.

Treatment Options for Acne

Treatment depends on the severity of acne:

• Mild acne – Over-the-counter products with ingredients like salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or niacinamide.
  
  
• Moderate acne – May require topical antibiotics, retinoids, or combination treatments prescribed by a skin doctor.
  
  
• Severe acne – Dermatologist care is necessary, sometimes with oral antibiotics, hormonal treatment, or isotretinoin.
  
  

If acne is painful, widespread, or leaves scars, it’s best to seek professional advice. A dermatologist can create a treatment plan suited to your skin type and condition.

Acne is common, but it does not have to control your life. With the right skincare routine, healthy habits, and proper treatment, you can manage breakouts effectively and reduce the risk of scarring.

At our pharmacy, we provide a variety of dermatologist-recommended skincare products to help manage acne safely and effectively.