Hypothyroidism
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HTM Pharmacy

What is Hypothyroidism?

Hypothyroidism  is a condition of underactive thyroid causing insufficient thyroid hormone production.

A high TSH reading of > 4.0/mU/L with low T4 indicates hypothyroidism.

The prevalence of hypothyroidism in Malaysia is 10%. Females were found to have a higher prevalence of thyroid function, 5-8 times more likely than their male counterparts.

 

Common Risk Factors

Autoimmune disease (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis)
Sjogren’s syndrome (common in females)
Middle age (30-50 years old)
Down’s syndrome
Radiotherapy to head & neck
Use of drug called amiodarone
 

Sign & Symptoms

Tired easily

Weight gain

Cold sensitivity

Low heart rate

Menstrual irregularity

Goitre

 

Complications

Myxedema coma

Resistant hypothyroidism

Heart problems

Osteoporosis

 

Food to Focus

Eggs

Meat

Fish

Fruits & vegetables

Gluten-free grains & seeds

 

Food to Avoid

Millets

Highly processed food

Soy-based food

Beverages (coffee, tea, alcohol)

 

Lifestyle Modifications

Exercise regularly (150 minutes/week)

Compliant to thyroid medications

Do regular thyroid neck check

Practise good sleeping habit

 

References

1. Hypothyroidism: Symptoms, causes, treatment & medication [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. [cited 2022Jan5]. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12120-hypothyroidism#:~:text=Hypothyroidism%20is%20a%20common%20condition,unable%20to%20tolerate%20cold%20temperatures

2. Management of thyroid disorders - ministry of health [Internet]. [cited 2022Jan5]. Available from: https://www2.moh.gov.my/moh/resources/Penerbitan/CPG/Endocrine/Management_of_Thyroid_Disorders_Quick_Reference_Guide.pdf

3. Raman R. Best diet for hypothyroidism [Internet]. Healthline. Healthline Media; 2021 [cited 2022Jan5]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/hypothyroidism-diet

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